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The SNAP 4Dx Test Kit is an enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Dirofilaria
immitis antigen, as well as antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia
canis in canine whole blood, serum or plasma.
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Canine anaplasmosis
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Canine anaplasmosis is the disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a bacteria transmitted by ticks. These ticks include Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus in the United States, and Ixodes ricinus in Europe. These tick species, more commonly known as deer ticks, are the same organisms that carry Barrelia burgdorferi, which is the causative agent of Lyme disease. A. phagocytophilum can be transmitted to dogs, cats, horses and humans.
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Heartworm disease
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Heartworm disease is caused by the filarial nematode D. immitis and has worldwide distribution. The insect
vector for D. immitis is the mosquito. The detection of heartworm antigen is
diagnostic for infection by D. immitis.
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Canine
ehrlichiosis
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Ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne disease of dogs caused by the rickettsial parasite E. canis. Diagnosis
of canine ehrlichiosis has been made by observation of typical clinical signs and by the
measurement of a significant antibody titer to E. canis.
A positive result on the SNAP® E. canis Antibody
Test indicates a significant antibody titer to E. canis.
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Lyme
disease
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The causative agent of Lyme disease has been identified as the tick-borne spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
An assessment of infection to B. burgdorferi can be made by measurement of canine
antibody specific for B. burgdorferi.
The SNAP® Lyme Antibody Test has been designed to
demonstrate infection to B. burgdorferi.
Study details.
In a controlled study, the test had no
reaction to sera from dogs receiving Lyme vaccines. Specific-pathogen-free dogs received
multiple doses of two whole-cell bacterin vaccines Lyme Vax®
(Fort Dodge Laboratories) and Galaxy Lyme (Schering-Plough Animal Health) and one recombinant
vaccine, Recombitek™ Lyme (MERIAL). Nine dogs received five doses of vaccine over a
period of 10 months and developed high vaccine-induced antibody titers in the IFA (titer range
1:1600–1:6400) and strong vaccine-induced antibody responses in Western blot. Sera from
all dogs were nonreactive on the SNAP Lyme antibody test throughout the study. Most
Lyme-vaccinated dogs will be nonreactive on this test. However, in one study of 82 dog samples
determined by Western blot to be from Lyme-vaccinated animals, three (3.6%) were reactive.
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Storage
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SNAP devices and test reagents are stable until the expiration date when stored at
2°–7°C (35°–45°F).
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Room-temperature storage (optional): SNAP devices and reagents can be stored at room
temperature (15°–27°C/59°–80°F) for 90 days or until the
printed expiration date, whichever occurs first.
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After SNAP devices and reagents are removed from 2°–7°C
(35°–45°F) storage for more than 24 hours, the expiration date is 90 days or the
printed expiration date, whichever occurs first.
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If the 90-day expiration date occurs prior to the printed expiration date, record the new
date in the space provided on the kit.
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All components must be at room temperature before running the test. This may take 30 minutes, depending on the temperature of your laboratory—do not heat.
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Sample
information
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Samples must be at room temperature before beginning the test procedure.
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Serum or plasma, either fresh, previously frozen or stored at 2°–7°C
(35°–45°F) can be used in this test.
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Serum or plasma can be stored for up to seven days at 2°–7°C
(35°–45°F). For longer storage, the sample should be frozen
(-20°C/-4°F or colder).
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Previously frozen or older samples must be centrifuged before use.
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Hemolyzed or lipemic samples will not affect results.
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EDTA or heparin in plasma will not affect results.
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Whole blood can be used. Whole blood must be anticoagulated (e.g., EDTA, heparin) and can be
used either fresh or after refrigeration (2°–7°C/35°–45°F) for
up to one week.
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Sensitivity and
Specificity
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References:
- Rikihisa Y. The tribe Ehrichia and ehrlichial diseases. Clin. Microbiol.
Rev 1991;4(3):286–308.
- Steere AC. Lyme disease. New Engl. J. Med. 1989;321(9):586–96.
- Greene RT. Lyme borreliosis. In: Greene CE, ed. Infectious Diseases of the Dog and
Cat. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 1990:508–14.
For more information, contact your authorized IDEXX distributor or call 1-800-248-2483.
View the complete SNAP 4Dx Test package
insert.
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